What is biophilic design?

Biophilic Design

Biophilia- "the urge to affiliate with other forms of life" (1984 E. O. Willson)

Today, we all agree that animals cannot thrive in zoo cages as it is not their natural ecosystem. However, we believe that life in concrete cities is "normal" for our society, even though in the history of humankind for thousands of years, we have been an integral part of the natural environment, and only since the Industrial Revolution we took the path of disconnection with nature.

Biodiversity in cities and towns is eliminated, and modern, hyper- sterile buildings and interiors lack natural stimulants, further separating us from the natural environment. It is a real problem in developed societies!

Erich Fromm was the first to introduce the term biophilia, defined as “the passionate love of life and of all that is alive” (1973).

E. O. Wilson in his book “Biophilia” (1986) argues that our natural affinity for life is the very essence of our humanity and binds us to all other living species.

Biophilic design aims to reconnect people with nature and recreate the natural bond with environmental processes to increase well-being, improve health, and boost productivity.  From a biophilic perspective, buildings and interiors should reflect local biodiversity and be responsive to nature, climate, and changing seasons. 
Over 30 years of studies clearly show that just one hour of extensive contact with nature can increase productivity by 20%, while exposure to fractal patterns and natural materials reduces stress by 60%.  Biophilic design bases on 14 patterns divided into 3 key- principles:

• Direct connection to nature (7 patterns).
• In-direct connection to nature (3 patterns).
• Human-spatial response (4 patterns).

Tim Beatley (2012) Exploring the Nature Pyramid